An electrical transformer is a device that is widely used all over the globe. It is used for raising or lowering the voltage of an a.c supply by increasing or decreasing the current according to need.
WORKING AND CONSTRUCTION:-
An electrical transformer usually consists of two turns of winding called primary and secondary. These two windings are wound on a magnetic structure. The primary winding is connected to the a.c supply whereas the secondary winding is connected to load. When voltage is applied to the primary than an emf is induced in the secondary called E2 depending on the number of turns. This induced emf in turn causes a current I2 in the secondary. The terminal voltage then appears across the load. The associated expression is:-
E2/E1=V2/V1=N2/N1=I1/I2
Where , E2= emf induced in secondary
E1= emf induced in primary
V1= Applied voltage
V2= Terminal voltage
N2= Number of turns in secondary
N1= Number of turns in primary
I1= Primary current
I2= Secondary current
When the voltage is applied a flux is set up in the transformer magnetic core and induces emf in both the windings by linking them. If V2>V1 than the transformer is a step up transformer while if V2<V1 then the transformer is a step down transformer.
